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Mixed Urinary Incontinence Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Abbreviations: • BOO — Bladder Outlet Obstruction • BPH — Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia • CNS — Central Nervous System • IAP — Intra-abdominal pressure • OAB — Over-Active Bladder • PVR — Post Void Residual • SUI —Stress Urinary Incontinence • UTI — Urinary Tract Infection • UUI — Urge Urinary Incontinence Mixed Urinary Incontinence 47 Urinary leakage accompanied by both urgency and t intra-abdominal pressure Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) 4, Urinary leakage preceded by a sudden, strong urge to void Overflow Incontinence vir Overfilling of the bladder from obstruction; BOO (tumour, stone, BPH, urethral or bladder neck stricture) Detrusor Overactivity Ilr OAB (idiopathic), CNS lesion (neurogenic), inflammation/ infection (cystitis, UTI), diabetes mellitus 4. Bladder Wall Compliance Progressive t in intravesicle pressure during bladder filling pushing urine from the bladder Authors: Braden Millan Reviewers: Alex Tang Usama Malik Jay C. Lee* * MD at time of publication Stress Urinary Incontinence (SUI) + Episodic involuntary urinary leakage with sudden l• in intra-abdominal pressure 4. Urethral hypermobility, intrinsic sphincter deficiency, or a poorly coapting urethra 4, 4, Pelvic floor muscle and ligament strength causing 4. tone of vesicoureteral sphincter unit; 4, urethral strength and associated striated and smooth muscle; iatrogenic Legend: Failure to Void Weak Stream (+ dribbling), Intermittent, Straining, '1` PVR if a complication of urinary retention; obstruction visible on cystoscopy Failure to Store Frequency, Urgency, Nocturia, Dysuria if SUI or UUI not caused by obstruction Pathophysiology Mechanism Urodynamic Studies SUI — 4, urethral closure pressure with 11` IAP/Bladder Volume and urinary leakage UUI — involuntary detrusor contraction and/or detrusor sphincter dyssynergia Incontinence, 4, Quality of Life, UTI's